Mercurial WeatherNow for the criptozoologist intervention: How a culture envisions Ghosts has to do with the view they hold on an after life and, up to a point, with how they regard the soul survival issue.I’m a smart girl so I’m wriggling my way out of discussing religion as much as I can. Most cultures agree that human beings have a soul; some even think they have several and most agree that it survives dead. About what happens to them once the human in question has kicked the bucket, there’s no accord but in general there seem to be two views on the subject: either they are supposed to go to some other place (whether it is a mere repository of souls like Hades or it has levels of fun and torture like Hell) and then ghosts are souls that get stuck in the transit or for some other cosmologies there’s some sort of reincarnation wheel and then ghosts are either renegades or outcasts that have drop off it. As for finer categories well you have your crisis apparitions, your avenging ghosts and of course your possessed objects. Since, in spite of outward appearances, I really don’t enjoy monologue that much I’ll leave you to figure out those. Still I would like to share part of my cultural baggage. I come from two cultures that agree on the first point of view, I’m choosing to draw my participation to the topic from just one of them first because I like it best and second because I think most people are familiar with the fire and brimstone Hell and cute Paradise, as well as with ghosts that get stuck because they had an untimely or gruesome dead. Ok so for starters let’s talk about the soul. For most of the people who lived in the center of what it’s now Mexico in Prehispanic times the soul dwelled in the liver (ihiyotl) and was a vaporous substance that could abandon the body while the person still lived and definitely deserted it when the person died. Even now in some parts of the country the evil spirits also known as night winds are referred to as ijiyos. As for the afterlife people got sent to different places according to the way they had died: Those men who had died in warfare or in sacrifice where the sun’s chosen and went to live at Tonatiuh’s eastern paradise where they turned into immortal birds that libated from the sun’s flowers. Women who had died at childbirth were called mocihuaquetzqui (brave woman) and were also chosen to live by Tonatiuh’s side but in his western paradise. They were also called divine women and they could turn into Cihuateteos who came to the earth in certain days, but those are closer to vamps than to ghosts so we’ll talk about them later. Those who had suffered a water related dead, had been struck by lighting or had died from a disease that was attributed to water were Tlaloc’s chosen. Tlaloc was the rain god and he took them to live in his paradise Tlalocan which was your average garden of delights. All the rest went to Mictlan. In Aztec mythology, Mictlan was the lowest (ninth) level of the underworld, located far to the north. The king of Mictlan was Mictlantecuhtli. The queen was Mictecacihuatl. Other deities in Mictlan included Ciucoatl (who commanded the spirits called Cihuateteo), Acolmiztli, Chalmecacihuilt, Chalmecatl and Acolnahuacatl. These gods were usually represented by livers. Dead people who hadn’t been lucky enough to get hit by lighting had to pass through nine levels of trials that were supposed to last 4 years; there were complex funerary rites to help them succeed. For example a stone was usually put in the corpse’s mouth so they could drop it in the seventh level were wild beast that devoured the heart were said to live. The bodies were burnt to help the dead avoid freezing while they crossed a wasteland of cold winds, and dogs were habitual companions for they helped cross the raging river that was yet another level of the underworld. Those chosen by Tonatiuh and Tlaloc had their own equally complicated funeral rites, if they weren’t followed to the letter something could go wrong and the soul could get lost. Hence ghosts didn’t exist solely because of ethical considerations but because of neglect when it came to inhumation. Also the Aztecs thought that the veil that divided life from dead was very tenuous; the dead could cross over in a number of dates through out the year so as you might imagine ghosts were to be expected. Now for my favorite ghost story, it has been influenced by Christian beliefs that were brought by the Spaniards when they conquest Mexico. But still it has a lot of the elements that I’ve mentioned above. The weeping woman is said to be the spirit of a woman who drowned her sons and then committed suicide, as you might imagine that is the ultimate transgression for a woman in a culture that regards mothers with a high esteem. To make matters worst in most tales spun around this apparition the girl did it to take revenge on the father, out of vanity or out of greed. She is there after condemned to roam the earth weeping looking for her dead children without ever being able to find them. In some cases she is a crisis apparition, she is said to have appeared before the conquest and that she wept for the fall of the Aztec Empire much like a banshee would. In some cases she is an avenging ghost that drowns whoever crosses her path. In other tales she is a lonesome figure, more of an imprint, which roams the empty streets of the old town. I really like her story and that was the first ghosts’ tale my mother told me. Welcome to the criptozoologist’s cabinet, share with us what you know or what you’ve dreamt about ghosts. |