Rules:

Rule #1: Only create one post per language. You may, however, edit and expand your post as you see fit, or create new posts for variations on your own or other dictionaries.

Rule #2: If you can make use of any of the languages in this thread you may do so, provided usage is confined to this forum only. Use of another author's languages for your own stories is forbidden without the original author's permission.

Structure

{[Subject][Subject Modifiers]} {[Direct Object][Object Modifiers]} {[Verb Empowerments][Verb][Verb Modifiers]} {[Indirect Object][Object Modifiers]} {[Preposition]} {[Closings]}

Pronouns:

Mir (plural Mirst) = I, My (pronounced like the "mirr" in "mirror.")

Nis (plural Nist) = Us, Our (pronounced like niece.)

Err (plural Erst) = He, His (pronounced as in "To err is human.")

Cer (plural Cerest) = She, Her (pronounced like the "Sar" in "Sarah.")

Eres (plural Erest) = They, Their

Ver (plural Verst) = You, Your

Other Nouns (sometimes the result of using personification instead of objectification of a verb that cannot be personified):

Hernan (plural Hernanst) = Warrior (Pronounced like Hair-Nan, not Hair-Non)

Karna (plural Karnast) = Beast

Mikan (plural Mikast) = Child(Calf?) (Pronounced like Me-Can)

Morhe (plural Morhe) = Minotaur

Morulen = Peace (Pronounced like More-Rule-In)

Nihan (plural Nihast) = Leg (Pronounced Nee-Han, with Han the same as in "Han Solo")

Sherven (plural Shervenst) = Splinters/Daggers

Senan (plural Senan) = Male

Sonas (plural Sonast) = Friend

Tela (plural Telas) = Hooves

Tega (pural Tegast) = Dimwit (Pronounced Teg-Ah, with "eg" the same as in "Peg")

Vecan (Plural Vecan) = Female (Pronounced Veck-Ann)

Vermas (plural Vermast) = Home (Pronounced Ver-Moss, with "Ver" the same as in "Verify")

Woran (plural Woranst) = Companion

Worvar (plural Worvar) = Human

Noun Modifiers:

-Aser (plural Asert) = Honorable/Formal (Pronounced Os-Err or Ah-Ser)

Ennan (plural Ennanst) = Unspecified ("Err Ennan = Someone")

Ennu (plural Ennust) = All/Every, generalization ("Karnast Ennust tega vest" = "All beasts are dimwits") (Pronounced An-Ewe)

Senas (plural Senanst) = Masculine/Male (Mikan Senas = Male Child/Boy) (Pronounced like Sen-As, with "Sen" the same as in "Sent")

Vekas (plural Vekast) = Feminine/Female (Mikan Vekas = Female Child/Girl) (Pronounced similarly to Vecan)

Note: nouns that are derived of personified verbs (X-en, X-an) or objectified verbs (X-ol, X-a) may use other nouns as modifiers in some cases. ("Seran Karnast" = "Hunter of Beasts"). Qualified verbs are also situationally valid noun modifiers.

Preposition Roots (may be used alone or compounded with nouns/pronouns):

Ses- = Beside (Pronounced like "says")

Men- = With

Nisar- = Behind (Pronounced Niece-Are)

Orn- = To (Pronounced as in "Ornament")

Note: Mir becomes -ir when compounded with prepositions.

Other Prepositions:

Vuelir = Together (Pronounced Vwell-Ear)

Verb Roots:

Aed = of Helping (Pronounced A-Edd)

Amelv = of Choosing

Carn = of Releasing/Freeing (Pronounced Car-N)

Cill = of Fearing (Pronounced Sill)

Comren = of Trusting (Pronounced Com-Wren)

Corb = of Knowing

Gar = of Fighting

Haver = of Seeing (Pronounced Have-Err)

Herv = of Meeting

Ierv = of Succeeding/Prospering (Pronounced Ee-Air+v)

Inier = of Healing/Mending (Pronounced In-Ee-Air)

Irom = of Speaking (Pronounced Ear-Om)

Lor = of Warning

Losar = of Traveling (Pronounced Low-Sar)

Morul = of Calming/Soothing (Pronounced More-Ool)

Nasvin = of Requiring/Needing (Pronounced Nass-Veen)

Norm = of Respecting/Honoring/Appreciating

Narven = of Standing (As in "Stand up," not "Endure")

Ser = of Hunting

Shul = of Betraying

Sierv = of Comprehending (Pronounced Sea-Air+V)

Soler = of Protecting (Pronounced Soul-Air)

Ter = of Paying

Trev = of Catching/Stopping/Trapping

V = of Being

Var = of Falling (as in battle)

Verm = of Sheltering

Verb Suffixes:

-en, -an = personify, singular ("Seran = Hunter")

-enst, -anst = personify, plural ("Seranst = Hunters")

-e, es = do, singular ("Seres = Hunt")

-est, ast = do, plural ("Serest = Hunt Them")

-ol, a = objectify, singular ("Nasvinol = An Essential")

-olst = objectify, plural ("Nasvinolst = Essentials")

-el = qualify (Solerel = Safe, Protected)

Note: "-elst" may be used as a qualification suffix, implying a permanent quality. ("Mir solerel ves" = I am safe" while "Mir solerelst ves" = "I am always safe")

Verb Empowerments:

Ner = Do not, Negative ("Mir Ner Sierves" = "I do not understand")

Ses = Able To

Conjunctions:

Ir = And Also

Aud = Therefore (Pronounced Odd)

Nelv = Rather Than

Closings:

Aundel = As Well (Pronounced On-Dell)

Hem = What Reason ("Ver Mir Lores Hem?" = "You me warned what reason?" or "Why did you warn me?")

Renn = Again

Ves = Understand/Question

About "Ves":

"Ves" translates directly to "being" or "existing" as a verb/suffix combo. "Ver tega ner ves" translates to "You a fool not are" or "You are no fool."

Used as a single sentence (with no other word to be doing the "existing") "Ves" is used like the statement "I understand." Alternately, the actual phrase "I understand" may be used ("Mir Sierves" or "Mir Siervest") though this generally implies understanding on a more technical level, as "I understand the words" rather than "I understand the meaning."

Used as a closing it literally asks if the conditions of the previous statement exist or are correct, effectively modifying the sentence into a question. "Vest irom Morhe iromest, ves?" = "They of language Morhe speak, correct?" or simply "Do they speak Morhe?"

--------------------

Minotaur (Other Indicators/Body Language): Much of this has been left similar to humanity for simplicity sake.

Anger: Grinding of one hoof into the ground in a short, circular osculating motion. Eyes may narrow and head may lower as well. Occasional grinding of teeth, usually only visible as motion of the lower jaw. Tail more actively in motion.

Contentment: General relaxation of the shoulders/stance, eyes slowly wandering over surroundings, tail enters a gentle swaying that matches the eyes' motion. Voice may take on a soft, warm, humming quality.

Embarrassment: Avoidance of eye contact, warming of face (detectable to self only), bristling of the shorter furs about the face. May habitually "smooth down" said furs with the hand, effectively blocking the visibility of one or both sides of the face.

Fear: Eyes wider than normal and darting over the range of vision frequently. Grip of the hands tighter than normal. Other indicators of emotion may be instinctively repressed, such as an even voice or arrestment of tail motion. Some visible shaking on release of, but not during, in extreme cases.

Stress: Heavy breathing, avoidance of eye contact. Fur bristles, and would feel coarse and rough to the touch. Occasional pacing. Fully capable of crying under enough pressure.

--------------------

I'll add more to this as more words become necessary, aka every other time Vrenis speaks.

Elvish (specifically of the wood elf dialect, I think)

Structure:

When the modifier stands alone, it goes before the subject it modifies. If it is made into one word, the subject goes first, followed by the modifier.

For example- "The stars are bright tonight" becomes, literally translated "The ones-shining are bright night-this."

Furthermore, the root word for the noun is made plural by adding an -s BEFORE the suffix is added to it. Thus, the stars "ones-shining" would be esherna. e- meaning one, -s added to it to make it plural, herna meaning "shining".

If you want to make it personal, add -el to the end of the whole word. To make it masculine, add -e after that. -i is feminine.

If you want it to be a question, add the word "athrel" to the end of the sentence.

Now on with it:

A/an/the= il

shining= -herna

are/is= ler

bright= ilrel

night= nerel

this/these= -nes

those/that= -na

he/him/that one (m)= enae

she/her/that one (f)= enai

it/that one (unspecified gender)= ena

me/this one (f)= eneseli

me/this one (m)= enesele

we/these ones (personal)(Unspecific or mixed genders)= esnesel

we/these ones (p)(m)= esnesele

we/these ones (p)(f)= esneseli

wish(v)/desire(v)= thirith

through= seleth

land/realm= ilherna

your(singular)(m)= -thrae

your(s)(f)= -thrai

your (plural)(m)= -thrase

your (pl)(f)= -thrasi

your (pl)(u)= -thras

you (s)(f)= threli

you (s)(m)= threle

you (pl)(m)= threlse

you (pl)(f)= threlsi

you (pl)(u)= threls

to= -in (comes after all verb and noun modifiers)

friend (f)= thleri, (pl) thlersi

friend (m)= thlere, (pl) thlerse

friend (u)= thler, (pl) thlers

blessing(n)/gift(n)= alhre, (pl) alhres

bless (v)/give/gift (v)= alhra

many/much= -erens

tell/inform/speak= seth

greetings/salutations/welcome= lirel

one who guides or the act of guiding= lorin

question= athrel (the word can mean the act of questioning, the noun 'question', or, at the very end of a sentence, that you are asking a question.)

forest/woods= sratha

cover (v)/coceal/shelter= estral

and/also/as well as= sera

provide (v)= lirth

for= -lera

in= -ni

seek/look for/search for/ask for= rethalera

to be= lerin

admitted/permitted/allowed= resla

town/village/home/dwelling= neril

sun= nerath

warm (v)/give heat/make warm= lireth

So, our common forest elf greeting "The sun warm you and the forest shelter you" would be "Il nerath lireth threl sera sratha estral threl" remembering to modify 'you' (threl) as appropriate to whom is being addressed.

The ancient tongue is based off of Latin.

argen-silver

comi-companion

soci-ally (It's pronounced "so-shi" by the way.)

micu-friend

conteg-protect (physically)

voco-summon

dilo-extract

dolu-pain

itu-move

sani-regenerate

val-great

flam-flame (I betcha couldn't figure that one out.)

terr-earth

procel-wave

palur-thorn

vent-wind

kuri-spear

prami-explosion

redit-return

adup-make (as in to change)

lahd-quote

iet-and

aqu-water

gel-freeze

ferv-melt

beferv-boil*

ignicruarco-firearm (literally "fire crossbow")

percep-learn

forci-problem

meto-anxiety

toxu-poison

igni-fire

recudat-memory

zer-zero

unu-one

du-two

tre-three

qua-four

quin-five

sec-six

sep-seven

eht-eight

nuv-nine

diu-ten

cen-hundred

thes-thousand

mol-million

runa-destruction

tel-arrow

gran-large

turb-whirlwind

for-pierce

perus-consume

exu-burn

cacu-blinding

luce-light

bevilo-faster

sudcacu-"false blindness"**

recren-revive

ni-no

visu-sight

Grammar in the ancient tongue is very simple. It's [subject][verb][adverb] and [adjective][noun]. No tenses, no surprises. It works mostly on context...but the ancient people were skilled at reading tone, so it wasn't a problem for them.

Numbers are pretty simple. The ancient people used a decimal system, like everyone on earth. Numbers work simply; one word is a digit, and every every digit is described in two ways; quantity and degree. The digits are stated until the whole number is described. (Zeroes can be ignored, unless it's the only number.) An example would be "two thousand" = "duthes". "Du" is the quantity, and "thes" is the degree.

Here are some other examples:

48 = quadiu eht

207 = ducen sep

622 847 059 = seccien dudiu dumil ehtcien quadiu septhes quindiu nuv

*("be-" means "very", and "lavbe-" means "extremely/exceedingly". The ancient language is contextual, so the term's meaning may change depending on the situation.)

**(sud-means false or opposite, and cacu means blind/blinding.)

I'll put up more as Namok (Kemos) and Recudat uses it.

grammer is extremely important in Dunlain, since a word has several meanings that are determined by its placement in a sentence. It's [verb]+[noun]+[adjective]. The noun is the object that commited the action in this phrase. And the adjective describes the action itself, not the object. prefixes can be added to make an adjective describe the noun or to designate a noun as the target. In which case the grammer looks like this: [verb]+ prefix-[noun]+ [noun]+ prefix-[adjective]+ [adjective].

I'll post words and meaning as I come up with them. LOL.

Ka (Kah)- (noun)I, (adj)Like me

DoTI (Doh-Tie)- (verb)to act, (noun)an action, (adj) like action.

Aevoda (ae-voh-dah)- (verb)to burn, (noun)fire, (adj)like fire.

SIdae (Siy-day)- (verb)to feel pain, (noun)pain, (adj)like pain

NIvae (nie-vae)- (verb)to shadow, (noun)shadow, (adj)dark

TI (tie)- (noun)you, (adj)like you

VI (vie)- prefix which indicates that an adjective is describing the noun, rather then the verb.

Lae (lay)- Prefix which indicates that a noun is the target, not the commiter, of an action.

example sentences:

DotI TI Ka. (*you* act like me.)

SIdae Ka Aevoda. The literal translation is (I feel pain like fire.) this would more or less equal (It burns!)

The reason so many words are balanced into even syllables is that the actual Dunlain writting system (which I can't show you here) is syllabic.

And yes, I know I still have some grammer holes to work out. I'm getting there.

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